How Conjunctions Work


A conjunction joins words or groups of words. There are three main types: coordinating conjunctions, correlative conjunctions, and subordinating conjunctions.

 
Coordinating conjunctions join related words, word groups, and independent clauses.  Use the acronym FANBOYS to remember the seven coordinating conjunctions: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so.

Joins two or more words

• The concert at the park was loud and crowded.   

 

• After Jimmy drove away, I realized I left my shopping bag and umbrella in the backseat.  

Joins word groups

• At school today, we colored with crayons and played board games.

 

• I plan to have my party at the restaurant or on the beach.  

Joins independent clauses

• The weather was bad, so we decided to stay in.

 

• They got to the airport on time, but their flight was cancelled.  

Correlative conjunctions also join related words or word groups; but unlike coordinating conjunctions, they work in pairs. Some common ones:

both, and

• Both Olivia and Jared are graduating this year.  

either, or

• I will buy either the sandals or the sneakers for my trip.   

neither, nor

• Neither the animal clinic nor pet store has my cat's favorite food. 
  

Subordinating conjunctions join a dependent clause with an independent clause. They often involve a cause-effect relationship or a contrasting relationship. Some common subordinating conjunctions: because, since, although, when, while, and unless.

• Mr. Smith visited the dentist because he had a terrible toothache.

 

• Since I quit my job, I've been sleeping till noon.

 

• Although Mary was busy with work, she made time to help volunteer at the food pantry.   

 

• I will get out of bed when the alarm clock rings.

 

• While Anna’s work history is impressive, she lacks the educational requirements for the job.

 

• My baby refuses to fall asleep unless I sing to her.